Why You Need Policies and Procedures

Posted on March 15, 2022 by Jean Eaton in Blog

Why You Need Health Information Policies and Procedures

Maybe you’ve heard you need written policies and procedures for your health information, but you’re left asking yourself why it’s so important?

The truth is, without written policies and procedures, you open a healthcare practice up to a whole host of problems, including major legal issues.

In fact, every business needs good practices that apply to your:

Information that you collect from patients/clients
Website
Email
Business practices including electronic (or paper) patient records, and computer network
Financial information
Billing, collection, and payment processing

Within the healthcare industry, there are additional legislation requirements that require specific written health information policies and procedures.

The Health Information Act (HIA) and the Personal Information Privacy Act (PIPA)

As we mentioned, when a custodian collects health information, you must follow the Health Information Act (HIA) in Alberta.

Like most other private businesses in Alberta, private healthcare practices must also comply with the Personal Information Privacy Act (PIPA).

The colleges of regulated health professionals (like the Alberta Dental Association and College (ADAC) and the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Alberta (CPSA), require dentists and physicians to meet the standards of practice which includes compliance to HIA and PIPA legislation.

In addition, the college has other standards of practice that you must meet, including policies and procedures for the collection, use, disclosure, and access of health information.

So, let’s explore further why written policies and procedures are so essential, as well as what can happen without them, and why healthcare practices may not think they need them in the first place.

Benefits of Policies and Procedures

One of the most critical benefits of having policies and procedures in place is that they’re good for business.

Here’s how:

They contribute to consistent, efficient workflow.
You can figure it out once, write the procedure, tweak it to make it better, and then repeat the same procedure again and again.
They help you make better business decisions, like buying supplies, choosing services, and selecting vendors.
They help support your accreditation efforts.
On-boarding employees the right way with no missed steps is much easier with policies and procedures in place.

If you’re looking for even more proof of the benefits of having written procedures, it can also help you avoid:

Internal disputes within your team and external disputes with your patients and clients
Re-work and re-training employees
Poor customer service
Poor reputation
Fines and penalties

Fines And Penalties For Not Having Written Policies And Procedures

You might be wondering why you would face fines and penalties for not having written policies and procedures in the first place.

The HIA requires the custodian – which includes the physician, pharmacist, dentist or dental hygienist – to take reasonable safeguards to protect the privacy and confidentiality of patients’ health information.

Having written policies and procedures is a common, expected, and reasonable safeguard.

Let’s say you have a privacy breach in your practice or an error (like sending a fax to the wrong number or you are a victim of a phishing or ransomware attack).

You can learn more about what makes a privacy breach a privacy breach here.

If you can’t demonstrate that you had the appropriate reasonable safeguards, like written policies and procedures in place, you are guilty of an offence under the law.

It’s illegal not to have policies and procedures when you collect health information.

If you are guilty of this offence, you are liable for a fine of a minimum of $2,000 and not more than $500,000. (HIA section 107(7)).

3 Policies and Procedures Myths

One reason some healthcare practices fail to have written policies and procedures is because they believe they don’t need them.

Often, this is because they’ve fallen prey to the common myths about policies and procedures.

There are 3 of the common myths that stop healthcare providers and their clinic managers from creating written policies and procedures:

It’s Too Hard

While it does take some skill to write clear, easy to read, and easy to understand policies and procedures, it doesn’t have to be heard. In fact, you can even purchase templates to make this easier.

It Takes Too Much Time

Writing policies and procedures does take some time.

But investing the time to create policies and procedures pays off by preventing suffering from inconsistent or broken procedures, using or disclosing health information in error, and having to pay fines, penalties, public relations nightmares, or spending the time required to run a privacy or security investigation.

It’s A Waste Of Time

Here are a few good reasons that prove writing policies and procedures is not a waste of time:

Practical privacy policies and procedures will create a more efficient practice and help you make better business decisions.
The policies and procedures become the foundation of your privacy impact assessment.
Policies and procedures are pre-requisites for other initiatives, like access to Netcare or other community integration initiatives, and privacy impact assessment (PIA). Click here to learn more about PIAs.
You must have them as part of your legislative compliance.
It’s the law. Not having policies and procedures regarding the collection, use, disclosure, and access of health information is illegal.

As you can see, written policies and procedures help ensure consistent office procedures and good communication between team members in your healthcare practice.

In addition to those good reasons, you must have good written policies and procedures about how you collect, use, disclose, and provide access to health information to avoid legal problems, fees, penalties, and other problems.

Not Sure Which Policies and Procedures That You Need?

Show Me Policy And Procedure Checklist

Did you enjoy this article? If you’d like to look at similar posts, visit these links:

Do You Know Where Your Policies and Procedures Are?

Why Do You Need Health Information Policies and Procedures?

Healthcare Policies And Procedures: Essential in EVERY Practice

New! Health Information Policy and Procedure Manuals

Privacy Impact Assessments (PIA)

Alberta, clinic, custodian, health, Health Information Act, healthcare, HIA, medical, physicians, PIPA, Policies and procedures, privacy, Privacy Impact Assessment, reasonable safeguards

Do You Know Where Your Policies And Procedures Are?

Posted on November 15, 2021 by Jean Eaton in Blog

Do You Know Where Your Policies and Procedures Are?

This is a cautionary tale.

And it could save you a lot of embarrassment – even legal issues.

The way a healthcare provider collects, uses and discloses personal health information (PHI) is critical to an efficient healthcare practice.

It’s also required by legislation and professional college regulations and standards.

Policies and procedures must be in writing, available to employees, and monitored to ensure that they are followed. Otherwise, you face all sorts of risks, including privacy breaches and other legal problems.

Policies and procedures must be in writing, available to employees, and monitored to ensure that they are followed. #Policies Click to Tweet

Don't let this happen to you!

Everyone in a healthcare practice — including front office staff, wellness practitioners and physicians and other custodians — must be aware of and follow these policies and procedures.

These policies and procedures also become the foundation of your privacy impact assessment (PIA).

That’s why, in this Privacy Breach Nugget, we’ll review a privacy breach investigation report from Alberta's Office of the Information and Privacy Commissioner (OIPC). Whether you have a new practice, or an existing practice, we have a number of services and resources designed to help you manage your practice in a way that not only meets legal requirements, but is streamlined and efficient, and keep your information secure.

What Happened

This report started with an employee suspected of accessing health information for an unauthorized purpose.

It started with at the clinic with a conflict between the employees and the employer.

An employee (Employee A) was on leave from her position at the clinic. Her access to the electronic medical record (EMR) was suspended during her leave.

Employee A wanted to access patient information to support her dispute with management. Over two months, Employee A used Employee B’s credentials to access patient records.

This action is in contravention of the Health Information Act (HIA) sections 27 and 28.

This is where this case becomes even more convoluted and, in fact, a better case study of what not to do.

Employee Dispute

Understanding the Health Information Act

The Health Information Act (HIA) requires the custodian (the physician, in this case) to take reasonable steps to maintain administrative, technical, and physical safeguards to protect patient privacy as required by sections 60 and 63 of the HIA, and section 8 of the Health Information Regulation.

In November 2013, the clinic submitted a privacy impact assessment (PIA) to the OIPC prior to its implementation of an electronic medical record (EMR).

The PIA included written policies and procedures.

The letter to the OIPC accompanying the PIA was signed by two physicians, as well as Employee A who was the privacy officer at that time.

The physician named in the investigative report is not the current custodian at the clinic. The physician was hired in 2015 and therefore not a member of the clinic in 2013 and not involved in the initial PIA submission.

During the investigation, both employees indicated that the policies and procedures to protect patient privacy were in a binder in the clinic, but it was never used or shared with the staff.

Oaths of confidentiality may have been previously signed by the employees, but the documents could not be produced during the investigation.

Section 8 (6) of the Regulation states the ‘custodian must ensure its affiliates are aware of and adhere to all of the custodians administrative, technical, and physical safeguards in respect of health information.’

It’s common practice for clinics to require employees to sign confidentiality agreements and ensure that they receive patient privacy awareness training with regular updates.

But in this investigation, the employees said they never received privacy awareness training.

Privacy-Breach-Nugget-023-Policies-Procedure-Manual

Show Me Policy and Procedure Checklist

Access To Patient Information

The employees also stated it was common practice at this clinic for individuals to not log off of their EMR account on the computers at the reception desks. It was common practice for other employees to access an open session to quickly perform a task in the EMR.

The investigator concluded that the physician was in contravention of the HIA section 63(1) which requires custodians to establish or adopt policies and procedures that would facilitate the implementation of the Act and regulations.

These specific findings were made:

The custodian failed to ensure the clinic employees were made aware of and adhered to the safeguards put in place to protect health information in contradiction contravention of section 8(6) of the regulation.
The custodian was in contravention of section 8(6) of the regulation which requires custodians to ensure that their affiliates are aware of and adhere to all of the custodian’s administrative, technical, and physical safeguards with respect to health information. It’s important to note any collection use or disclosure of health information by an affiliate of a custodian is considered to be the collection, use, and disclosure by the custodian.
The custodian failed to ensure the employee and the other clinic staff adhered to technical safeguards as required by section 60 of the HIA and section 8(6) of the regulations.

Privacy Breach Nuggets You Need to Know

Privacy breaches are in the news every day. The more you know how breaches can affect you allows you to be more proactive to prevent privacy breach pain.

Get Your Privacy Documents In Order

To protect yourself and your practice from patient privacy breaches (and massive fines, see the conclusion to this article), follow these steps.

Find your policies and procedures and review them with all staff and custodians. Make sure you document that this has been done.
Review and update your privacy awareness training and ensure all staff, including custodians, have completed this recently. Make sure you have this documented, including certificates of attendance if available.
Oath of confidentiality documents should be signed by all of all clinic staff and custodians and maintained in a secure location.
Review your privacy impact assessment and ensure all of your current custodians have read this and understand it. Visit this post for more information to help you determine if you need a PIA amendment.

Monitor

This incident occurred in 2016. The OIPC office did not recommend any additional sanctions against the clinic, physicians, or employees.

To get templates of policies and procedures for your healthcare practice, be sure to sign up for the Practice Management Success Membership

New Amendments To The HIA

This case might have turned out differently today.

New amendments, as of 2018, provide a provision for fines under the HIA ranging from $2,000 to $200,000.

The public — and our patients — expect and trust us to make sure that their personal health information is kept secure and confidential.

It’s our responsibility to make sure we have these administrative, technical, and physical safeguards in place and are maintained in a consistent fashion.

When you've done the hard work to implement your patient privacy policies and procedures and your privacy impact assessment, make sure you continue your journey and keep these documents up-to-date and current. To help you, sign up for the Practice Management Success Membership.

There are many patient privacy breaches in the news each day, and you never know when it could happen to you.

The more you know about the breaches and how they can affect you allows you to be more proactive to prevent privacy breach pain. If you need to prepare your privacy breach management plan, start your on-line training 4-Step Response Plan right away!

If you need templates of policies and procedures for your healthcare practice, be sure to sign up for the Practice Management Success Membership. These tips, tools, templates, and training will help you save time and money to develop and maintain policies and procedures in your healthcare practice.

When we know better, we can do better…

I’ve helped hundreds of healthcare practices prevent privacy breach pain like this. If you would like to discuss how I can help your practice, just send me an email. I am here to help you protect your practice.

PRIVACY BREACH NUGGETS are provided to help you add a ‘nugget' to your privacy education program. Share these with your staff and patients as a newsletter, poster, or staff meeting.

Jean L. Eaton, Your Practical Privacy Coach

Click Here To Register for the FREE Training Video "Can You Spot the Privacy Breach?"

Did you enjoy this article? If you’d like to look at similar posts, visit these links:

Why Do You Need Health Information Policies and Procedures?

Healthcare Policies And Procedures: Essential in EVERY Practice

New! Health Information Policy and Procedure Manuals

When Do You Need a PIA Amendment?

When is a Privacy Breach a Privacy Breach?

References and Resources

Alberta Office of the Information and Privacy Commissioner. Investigation Report H2019-IR-01 Investigation into alleged unauthorized accesses and disclosures of health information at Consort and District Medical Society Clinic. May 21, 2019. https://www.oipc.ab.ca/media/996888/H2019-IR-01.pdf

Alberta, clinic, custodian, health, Health Information Act, healthcare, HIA, medical, Patient privacy, physicians, Policies and procedures, Prevent privacy breaches, privacy, privacy breach, Privacy Impact Assessment, reasonable safeguards, templates

Add Custodians To Your PIA

Posted on December 28, 2020 by Meghan in Blog

Add Custodians To Your PIA

Congratulations! You have expanded your practice and recruited a new healthcare provider to your team. Now you also need to add a custodian your PIA.

To do this, you need to orientate the provider to your practice including the policies and procedures to protect the privacy, confidentiality, and security of the personal health information and inform the Office of the Information and Privacy Commissioner (OIPC).

When the new healthcare provider is a member of a regulated health profession as defined by the health privacy legislation in Alberta, the Health Information Act (HIA), the provider also has responsibilities as a custodian.

HIA Definitions:

Custodian

A health service provider; specifically, a member of the following regulated health professions: Optometrists, Opticians, Chiropractors, Midwives, Podiatrists, Denturists, Dentists and dental hygienists, Registered nurses, Pharmacists, and Physicians (and others).

Affiliate

An employee of a custodian or as designated by the custodian, for example medical office assistant, receptionist.

The incoming custodian must ensure that the reasonable safeguards to project the administrative, technical, and physical safeguards of the personal health information are implemented in the practice. This includes ensuring that they have reviewed the current privacy impact assessment (PIA).

The lead custodian also has an obligation under the Alberta Health Information Act (HIA) to inform the Office of the Information and Privacy Commissioner (OIPC) when there are changes to the organization management of the clinic.

How To Add Custodians To Your PIA

In Alberta, the lead custodian in a clinic must update their PIA regularly and inform the OIPC when there are significant changes to their PIA.

One common trigger for informing the OIPC is the addition of a custodian to the practice. Often, this PIA amendment can be as simple as a letter to the OIPC.

The lead custodian or privacy officer will prepare an amendment to the previously submitted Privacy Impact Assessment when new custodians join the practice. Often a letter to the OIPC signed by the lead custodian is sufficient.
The PIA amendment must include how the custodian has been made aware of the current PIA and how they are meeting their requirements to enter into an agreement with information managers as defined in the Health Information Act section 66.
The lead custodian will submit the PIA amendment to the OIPC for acceptance.
The new custodian must acknowledge that they have been informed of the Health Information Privacy and Security Policies and Procedures and the submitted PIA and agree to follow these practices. The new custodian will sign the letter to the OIPC and attach it to the PIA amendment from the lead custodian (in step #1 above) to the OIPC for acceptance.

Routine Onboarding Of New Employees

Before the new custodian is granted access to patient health information, your computer network, and your electronic medical record (EMR), you need to ensure that new custodians are aware of your Health Information Privacy and Security Policies and Procedures, PIAs, and information manager agreements, including the information management agreements with Alberta Netcare Portal, patient records management, EMR vendor, billing vendor, and/or others.

You should have a written policy and procedure ‘When a New Physician / Custodian Joins Your Practice’ to guide you when onboarding new custodians. The procedure should include the forms below and template letters to the OIPC. These templates are also available to members of Practice Management Success.

Do You Need Help With Your PIA?

Did you enjoy this article? If you’d like to look at similar posts, visit these links:

Top 3 Agreements Your Healthcare Practice MUST Have (and why)

What Is a PIA?

How Do You Declare as an Affiliate?

Podcast – Close, Move, Merge Your Practice | Episode #090

Alberta, amendment, custodian, dental, Health Information Act, medical clinic, OIPC, PIA, Privacy Impact Assessment

Healthcare Policies And Procedures

Posted on November 30, 2020 by Jean Eaton in Blog

Healthcare Policies and Procedures: What Are They and Why Do Practices Need Them?

Healthcare policies and procedures are essential tools in EVERY healthcare practice.

We use written policies and procedures to ensure consistent office procedures and good communication between team members, but it doesn’t stop there.

Before we get to the many benefits of healthcare policies and procedures, let’s cover exactly what these terms mean.

Not sure which policies and procedures you need? Click here to find out!

Policies and Procedures Defined

For our purposes today, this is what we mean by these terms:

Policy: A set of ideas or plans that is used as a basis for making decisions.

Procedure: A fixed, step-by-step sequence of activities or course of action.

Both policies and procedures serve several important purposes in a healthcare practice.

Policies and procedures can help you:

Protect your practice with consistency in decision making and implementing routine tasks.
Provide team members direction and guidelines; help avoid micromanaging. Here’s more information on how policy and procedure checklists help with employee privacy and security.
Ensure quality and cost-effective processes.
Well thought out policies and procedures reduce re-work and make for more efficient practices.
Encourage team members to work to their full scope of responsibilities.
Contribute to compliance, including professional standards, HIA, insurance.
Protect your healthcare practice by demonstrating your administrative safeguards.

As powerful and effective as policies and procedures can be, they can also pose certain problems or risks if they’re not implemented properly — or if they don’t exist in the first place.

On that note, if you have policies and procedures in place, it’s also imperative to know where they are. Don’t miss this cautionary tale where I tell you why.

If your policies and procedures are unclear or non-existent, these are some of the risks you expose a healthcare practice to:

Fines and even jail time for the healthcare provider
Increased conflict and potential for misunderstanding within a practice
Increased conflict between employees, misunderstanding, and poor customer service
Poor business decisions and wasted time and money

Simply talking about your policies and procedures is not a good business strategy! You need to have clear healthcare policies and procedures in place if you want to reap all of their benefits.

So, let’s go over what makes a good healthcare policy with a clear and effective design.

Policies ask WHY and WHAT

Policies are the steps to put your goals into action — policies are proactive.

The WHY: Why is this policy needed? It is the general guide for decision-making.

The WHAT: What do you want to show for programs, activities, and services?

Each year, policies need to be reviewed and authorized by the clinic manager, privacy officer, healthcare provider and/or owners. Your team members need the opportunity to review and understand the policies regularly, too.

Review policies to assure that they reflect what the clinic is doing and that the clinic is following the written policy. Changes may need to be completed and approved.

Now, let’s cover what makes for good procedures before we get to how to create your manual.

Procedures ask HOW

The HOW: How you plan to carry out the objectives and details listed in your policies?

Your procedures should include sufficient detail so a new employee can complete a task based on the information provided.

We’ve discussed the objectives of your policies and procedures for your healthcare practice, now here are some useful tips for actually creating your policies and procedures manual:

Include screen prints if computer-based.
Include video explanations.
Format the policy and procedures so that each policy or procedure is a separate, stand-alone document.
Assign a NUMBER to each policy and procure to make it easy to reference in your PIA, or direct your staff to review. You can use any numbering system that you want — I usually use a sequential numbering system.
Headings make it easier to group your information which makes it easier for the reader to review and then focus on the details that they need. Repeat the same headings throughout the policies and procedures to provide consistency across the manual. Use the headings as needed; not all policies or procedures need all the headings.
Cite legislative and standards requirements, like the HIA.

When you’re implementing changes to these policies and procedures or creating them in the first place, be sure to involve key parties. This includes:

Custodian/trustee/business owner
Clinic manager/team lead
Privacy officer

Remember, implementing a new procedure or policy successfully must always include training and discussion with your team.

Which Privacy and Security Policies and Procedures Do YOU Need?

Without well-documented, written policies and procedures, you open your healthcare practice up to a whole host of problems, including major legal issues.

Does your clinic have appropriate policies and procedures?

Not sure which policies and procedures you need? Click here to find out!

Get the Reliability And Power of Policy and Procedure Templates Without Spending Hours (or Days) Creating Them!

Your healthcare practice needs written policies and procedures to assist you to correctly, efficiently, and confidently collect, use, access, and disclosure of health information so that you can meet your accreditation, privacy impact assessment, and regulatory compliance requirements.

Now For Medical, Dental, Chiropractic and Nursing, Too!

Starting with a template saves you time and money
Be privacy and security compliant
No special software to buy or learn
Use your existing MS Word and MS Excel office productivity software
One-time fee
On-line support
Available now!

Click the >> arrow to watch a short demo of the robust manual you can create quicker than you thought possible!

Show Me Policy And Procedure Templates!

Different Policy and Procedure versions available for your specific type of healthcare practice

Medical Doctor Health Information Policy and Procedure

Medical Practice

Dental Practice

Chiropractor Health Information Policies and Procedures

NEW!
Chiropractic Practice

Nurse Practitioner Health Information Policy and Procedure

NEW!
Nurse Practitioner Practice

Registered Nurse Health Information Policy and Procedure

NEW!
Registered Nurse Practice

Health Information Policy and Procedure Manuals ready for you now!

Step 1: Complete the questionnaire and download the templates

Step 2: Easily generate draft 24+ policies and 28+ procedures and forms using MS Word

Step 3: Edit the documents

Step 4: Video coaching and best practices for the policies and procedures and implementation tips

Step 5: Customize for your healthcare practice

Step 6: Video orientation for your employees

Show Me Policy And Procedure Templates!

Did you enjoy this article? If you’d like to look at similar posts, visit these links:

Do You Know Where Your Policies And Procedures Are?

Why Do You Need Health Information Policies and Procedures?

New! Health Information Policy and Procedure Manuals

Safeguards: The What, Why, and How

When Do You Need a PIA Amendment?

When is a Privacy Breach a Privacy Breach?

clinic, custodian, health, Health Information Act, healthcare, HIA, medical, physicians, PIPA, Policies and procedures, Privacy Impact Assessment, reasonable safeguards

Snooping Conviction Earns 3 Years’ Probation

Posted on September 14, 2020 by Jean Eaton in Blog

Do you have a privacy breach awareness program in place in your healthcare practice?

Spotting a privacy breach is the first step to stopping a privacy breach.

You Can Use This Privacy Breach Example to Review and Improve Your Practices.

This Is What Happened

The clinic recognized that one of their employees viewed the health records of close acquaintances, friends, and others in the community. She did not have a need to know this information to do her job.

In one case, the employee disclosed an individual’s health information to a friend.

In June 2018, a medical clinic in Alberta reported a privacy breach to the Alberta Office of the Information and Privacy Commissioner.

The OIPC opened an investigation and subsequently referred its findings to the Specialized Prosecutions Branch of Alberta Justice. Charges of an offence under the Health Information Act (HIA) were laid.

Unauthorized Access By Employees

On September 2, 2020 the clinic former employee plead guilty in court to breaching the HIA. It is an offence under HIA to knowingly gain or attempt to gain access to health information in contravention of the Act (section 107(2)(b)).

The judge sentenced the employee to

$6,000 fine
three years probation, and
180 hours of community service

This breach was entirely preventable.

Keep this story in mind when you are trying to determine the return on investment to deliver privacy awareness training and EMR user monitoring tools to prevent and identify early snooping privacy incidents.

You can invest a little now with privacy awareness training . . . or you can pay over and over again for an investigation and bad publicity that never ends!

Privacy Breaches – What You Need to Know

1. Provide privacy awareness training for each employee and healthcare provider at orientation and regularly throughout the employment.

2. Collect the employee’s oath of confidentiality, including an acknowledgement that the employee understands the principles of using only access health information necessary to perform their job.

3. Monitor your users’ access to health information to quickly identify when a suspicious privacy incident occurs. The sooner you identify a privacy breach, the sooner you can limit the risk.

4. Implement your sanction policy when needed. Your sanctions policy clearly identifies the sanctions when an employee or healthcare provider is liable of an offence under the HIA.

5. Report a privacy breach to your custodians and healthcare providers, the Office of the Information and Privacy Commissioner, and the Minister of Alberta Health and the individuals affected by the breach.

When we know better, we can do better…

PRIVACY BREACH NUGGETS are provided to help you add a ‘nugget' to your privacy education program. Share these with your staff and patients as a newsletter, poster, or staff meeting.

Jean L. Eaton, Your Practical Privacy Coach

Click Here To Register for the FREE 15 Minute Training Video "Can You Spot the Privacy Breach?"

Did you enjoy this article? If you’d like to look at similar posts, visit these links:

Not sure what is considered a privacy breach? See When is a Privacy Breach a Privacy Breach?

Do you do routine audits? Here’s how.

Are Your Employees Privacy Aware? Start now!

References

Edmonton Journal. Former Camrose medical clinic worker hit with fine, probation for snooping health records. Nicole Bergot, Sep 10, 2020. https://edmontonjournal.com/news/local-news/former-camrose-medical-clinic-worker-hit-with-fine-probation-for-snooping-health-records

Alberta OIPC. Multiple Penalties Issued to Individual Convicted of Health Information Breaches. https://www.oipc.ab.ca/news-and-events/news-releases/2020/multiple-penalties-issued-to-individual-convicted-of-health-information-breaches.aspx

clinic, custodian, health, Health Information Act, healthcare, HIA, mandatory privacy breach notification, medical, physicians, privcy breach, probation, snooping in healthcare;

Recent Privacy Breach Convictions Under Alberta’s Health Information Act

Posted on October 15, 2019 by Jean Eaton in Blog

In August 2018, Alberta proclaimed amendments to the Health Information Act (HIA) that requires healthcare providers (custodians) to report a privacy breach with a risk of significant harm to the Office of the Information and Privacy Commissioner (OIPC), the Ministry of Health of Alberta, and of course, to patients affected by the privacy breach.

This requirement that custodians must report a privacy breach to the to the OIPC has resulted in a huge increase in the number of reported privacy breaches in healthcare.

Custodians includes healthcare providers like physicians, pharmacists, chiropractors, dentists, optometrists, registered nurses, health authorities, and more

This is not unexpected. We in healthcare know that there are many privacy breaches that happen everyday. Many of these breaches are honest mistakes. However, an increasing number are intentional, malicious actions intended to harm others.

The benefit of having these breaches reported to a regulator is to improve compliance to reasonable safeguards to protect the health information of Alberta residents. And, as a result, more custodians and affiliates (people that work for a custodian) are being held accountable under the HIA legislation to ensure that they are meeting the reasonable safeguards.

In the first year of mandatory privacy breach notification, the OIPC has received over 1,000 reports. Previously, when privacy breach reporting was discretionary, the OIPC received an average of 130 voluntary reports of privacy breaches annually.

What Happens When A Privacy Breach Is Reported To The OIPC

When a privacy breach is reported to the OIPC, the OIPC will review the report and consider the custodian’s determination if a reasonable risk to the patient(s) was present. The OIPC will review the report and consider:

agree (or not) with the determination of risk of harm
was the patient notified appropriately
is there an offence under the HIA
is an investigation warranted

If an investigation is indicated, the OIPC will conduct the investigation and report their findings to the Crown prosecutors at Alberta Justice. The Crown will determine if it will continue to press charges under the HIA.

Under the recent amendments to the HIA a custodian or an affiliate or both could if found guilty of an offence is liable for a fine anywhere between $2,000 to $500,000 depending on the circumstances and the nature of the offense. Other sanctions may also be applied by the court.

It takes time to report a privacy breach, have it reviewed and investigated by the OIPC and the Crown, and have individuals charged and appear in court.

We are now starting to see the first cases charged after the August 2018 amendments coming to court and privacy breach convictions under the HIA.

Unauthorized Access By Employees

During a routine internal audit of health records in the Alberta Public Laboratories clinical lab at the Red Deer Regional Hospital identified unauthorized access by lab employees. These breaches were first identified by the hospital during a routine audit of their electronic record systems. The internal investigation between December 2018 and May 2019 identified 2,158 patient records were accessed. Alberta Health Services reported that 30 staff were involved in these breaches and three staff are no longer employed by the lab.

Do you do routine audits? Here’s how.

There have been three recent decisions in from the Alberta provincial courts as a result of mandatory privacy breach reporting legislation.

Suspicious Activity Leads to Investigation And Charges

In June 2018, Alberta Health Services (AHS) received reports of suspicious activity by a billing clerk in Red Deer. An internal audit and investigation indicated that the clerk accessed the health records of 52 Albertans without authorization. AHS reported the breaches to the OIPC in June 2018.

The OIPC opened an offence investigation and referred its findings to the Specialized Prosecutions Branch of Alberta Justice. Charges were laid in July 2019. The former AHS billing clerk received a $5,000 fine on August 2019 and was ordered not to access health information for one year.

Snooping By A Clinic Employee

In another case, an Edmonton medical clinic employee was fined after pleading guilty to health data breach. The employee knowingly accessed health information of two people and made suspicious statements to the two individuals about their personal medical details. The individuals then requested access to the audit logs and the provincial electronic health record system, Alberta Netcare.

The individuals reported a complaint to the OIPC at which point the OIPC conducted an investigation.

The employee was charged in March 2019 and plead guilty in provincial court on September 26, 2019. She was fined $3,500 and ordered to pay a victim surcharge of $525.

Are Your Employees Privacy Aware? Start now!

Unauthorized Access By A Billing Clerk

On September 30, 2019 in Red Deer Provincial Court a billing clerk with Alberta Health Services was fined $8,000 for illegally accessing health records. The clerk opened health records of 81 people over 4,7471 occasions without authorization from his employer and custodian. The court also added the following conditions

1-year probation
order to attend treatment and counselling and
not be employed in a position that allows him access to health information for 1 year

We will continue to see investigations under the HIA at appearing in our courts. The OIPC is currently investigating over 20 incidents and has flagged 70 more as potential offences.

Each of these incidents involved employees making poor choices about accessing patient health information. Reasonable prevention steps include privacy awareness training for every employee, healthcare provider, and contractor. In addition, every healthcare practice should be, monitoring access to records with routine audits and applying sanctions.

We obviously don’t speak often enough about what is acceptable, appropriate, and authorized access to patient’s health information.

Preventing a privacy breach is always less expensive than managing a privacy breach.

A privacy breach management plan will help you to prevent a breach and, when a breach happens, identify a privacy breach early to limit the risk of harm, size, and the cost of the breach.

When we know better, we can do better…

PRIVACY BREACH NUGGETS are provided to help you add a ‘nugget' to your privacy education program. Share these with your staff and patients as a newsletter, poster, or staff meeting.

Jean L. Eaton, Your Practical Privacy Coach

Click Here To Register for the FREE 15 Minute Training Video "Can You Spot the Privacy Breach?"

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Not sure what is considered a privacy breach? See When is a Privacy Breach a Privacy Breach?

References

CBC News. Investigation finds improper access to patient records at Red Deer hospital. Posted: Oct 04, 2019 12:48 PM MT | Last Updated: October 4 https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/red-deer-patient-records-breach-1.5309419

CBC News. Edmonton medical clinic employee fined after admitting to health data breaches. Posted: Oct 03, 2019 10:56 AM MT | Last Updated: October 3 https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/health-information-alberta-access-1.5307453

CBC News. AHS billing clerk fined $8,000 for illegally accessing health records Posted: Oct 09, 2019 10:47 AM MT | Last Updated: October 9. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/ahs-billing-clerk-fined-8-000-for-illegally-accessing-health-records-1.5314783

CBC News. Jennifer Lee. Reports of health-care privacy breaches spike in Alberta. Posted: Oct 11, 2019 5:00 AM. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/health-care-privacy-breaches-spike-alberta-1.5316230

clinic, custodian, health, Health Information Act, healthcare, HIA, mandatory privacy breach notification, medical, physicians, privcy breach, reasonable safeguards

How Do You Declare as an Affiliate?

Posted on March 20, 2018 by Jean Eaton in Blog

Have you ever said,

“If only I had someone to ask . . . !”

Each month, we discuss your questions about practice management, human resources issues, clinic management best practices, procedures, resources, practical privacy tips, and more in Practice Management Success membership.

In this Q&A, we're talking about:

Q1: When you have multiple custodians in your practice, when and how does a custodian declare themselves as an affiliate?

Q2: What is the importance of the audit log in your EMR?

Q3: Do you have a privacy officer? Roles and Responsibilities of a Privacy Officer.

Q4: When a new physician / custodian joins your practice what forms do they need to complete?

Q5: How to report a patient demographic error in Netcare.

If you are a member of Practice Management Success, login and join me now on the webinar. The replay will be available in your membership area.

Not a member of Practice Management Success, yet?

What are you waiting for?

Get Your Practice Management Success membership

When might a custodian want to declare as an affiliate?

Individual custodians working for Alberta Health Services or other large health authorities
Team or group practice where there is a lead custodian.
Short–term contract relationship where the custodian joins a practice, for example, maternity leave coverage, or rural or contract practice
Custodian prefers an ‘employee’ relationship, for example,
- registered nurse working in a physician group practice,
- dental hygienist working in a dental practice

When a custodian is not working in the capacity of a custodian, or wishes to work as an affiliate AND there is another custodian who will assume the responsibility of a custodian, then the custodian can declare themselves as an affiliate to that named custodian.

I prefer to include the declaration as part of the Oath of Confidentiality process. You could choose to do this as a separate process –just make sure to document the declaration and keep it in your clinic business files!

affiliate, custodian, declare as an affiliate, Health Information Act, Practice Management Success

Alberta’s Health Information Act (HIA) Amendment

Posted on October 3, 2013 by Jean Eaton in Blog

The Health Information Act (HIA) was amended was approved by Orders in Council on September 3, 2013.

The amendment includes:

Naming a non‑regional health authority Family Care Clinic approved by the Minister as a custodian. (HIA s2(1)(g)).

Disclosure of registration information – For the purposes of section 36(c) of the Act, a custodian may disclose individually identifying registration information about an individual without the consent of the individual

(a) to an ambulance attendant or ambulance operator under the Emergency Health Services Act,

(b) to the Minister of Health or Minister of Human Services for the purpose of administering the Aids to Daily Living Program, or

(c) to the Minister responsible for the Seniors Benefit Act and the Seniors’ Property Tax Deferral Act for the purpose of administering those Acts.

Remember to update your policies and procedures! See our Document Management Tip for a sample policy update that you can use to insert into your Health Information Management and Security Manual.

Alberta, Alberta HIA Amendment, amendment, custodian, Family Care Clinic, HIA, policies, templates

Why You Need Health Information Policies and Procedures

The Health Information Act (HIA) and the Personal Information Privacy Act (PIPA)

Benefits of Policies and Procedures

Fines And Penalties For Not Having Written Policies And Procedures

3 Policies and Procedures Myths

Not Sure Which Policies and Procedures That You Need?

Did you enjoy this article? If you’d like to look at similar posts, visit these links:

Do You Know Where Your Policies and Procedures Are?

What Happened

Understanding the Health Information Act

Access To Patient Information

Privacy Breach Nuggets You Need to Know

Get Your Privacy Documents In Order

New Amendments To The HIA

When we know better, we can do better…

Did you enjoy this article? If you’d like to look at similar posts, visit these links:

References and Resources

Add Custodians To Your PIA

HIA Definitions:

Custodian

Affiliate

How To Add Custodians To Your PIA

Routine Onboarding Of New Employees

Did you enjoy this article? If you’d like to look at similar posts, visit these links:

Healthcare Policies and Procedures: What Are They and Why Do Practices Need Them?

Policies and Procedures Defined

Policies ask WHY and WHAT

Procedures ask HOW

Which Privacy and Security Policies and Procedures Do YOU Need?

Get the Reliability And Power of Policy and Procedure Templates Without Spending Hours (or Days) Creating Them!

Now For Medical, Dental, Chiropractic and Nursing, Too!

Different Policy and Procedure versions available for your specific type of healthcare practice

Medical Practice

Dental Practice

NEW!Chiropractic Practice

NEW!Nurse Practitioner Practice

NEW!Registered Nurse Practice

Health Information Policy and Procedure Manuals ready for you now!

This Is What Happened

Unauthorized Access By Employees

Privacy Breaches – What You Need to Know

When we know better, we can do better…

​

What Happens When A Privacy Breach Is Reported To The OIPC

Unauthorized Access By Employees

Suspicious Activity Leads to Investigation And Charges

Snooping By A Clinic Employee

Unauthorized Access By A Billing Clerk

When we know better, we can do better…

In this Q&A, we're talking about:

Not a member of Practice Management Success, yet?

When might a custodian want to declare as an affiliate?

The Health Information Act (HIA) was amended was approved by Orders in Council on September 3, 2013.

NEW!
Chiropractic Practice

NEW!
Nurse Practitioner Practice

NEW!
Registered Nurse Practice